What physiological response occurs during the cool-down phase?

During the cool-down phase, the body gradually transitions from a state of high activity to rest. This process involves a gradual decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. After exercise, the heart rate and blood pressure are elevated due to increased demand for oxygen and nutrients from the muscles. The cool-down phase helps facilitate a controlled return to baseline levels by promoting circulation and preventing blood from pooling in the extremities, which can occur if a person stops exercising abruptly.

The gradual decrease in heart rate and blood pressure during the cool-down is essential for cardiovascular stability and recovery, allowing the body to safely adjust back to its resting state. It also aids in the removal of metabolic waste products from the muscles, thus supporting recovery and reducing the potential for post-exercise dizziness or fainting.

In contrast, the other options describe physiological responses that do not typically occur during the cool-down phase. The increase in heart rate and blood pressure would be expected during exercise, while muscle cramping and immediate fatigue are not direct outcomes of a proper cool-down routine.