Which physiological parameter is likely altered more during dynamic arm exercise than during leg exercise?

During dynamic arm exercise, the physiological response can significantly differ from that of leg exercise due to the different muscle groups involved and their physiological demands. Diastolic blood pressure tends to be more noticeably affected during dynamic arm exercise primarily because the arms have a smaller muscle mass compared to the legs and are engaged in a more intense workload relative to their size.

When the arms are exercised, there is an increased demand for blood flow to the upper body muscles, which can lead to a more prominent response in blood pressure regulation. The heart has to work harder to supply the same quality of blood and oxygen to the upper extremities, leading to fluctuations in diastolic pressure. Meanwhile, leg exercises, involving larger muscle groups, tend to uniformly distribute workload and maintain more stable blood pressure levels overall due to better cardiovascular efficiency.

In contrast, the other physiological parameters listed—blood glucose level, body temperature, and hemoglobin levels—are influenced by a range of factors and do not exhibit as distinct a difference between arm and leg exercises in terms of their adaptive responses. Blood glucose level might vary during all types of exercise due to metabolism but is not significantly different based on limb involvement alone. Body temperature can rise with both types of exercise as it is affected by overall exert